It's called activated charcoal or activated carbon.

它叫做活，或者活碳。

Many consumers use activated carbon filters to strain PFAS out of our water.

许多消费者使用活过滤器滤出水中的 PFAS。

They also use adsorption filtration, where a porous material called activated carbon strains the water to remove contaminants and chemical byproducts.

他们还使用吸附过滤，一种叫做活的多孔材料过滤水以去污染物和化学副产品。

That's because the water is essentially bathing in high concentrations of the contaminants that were trapped by the activated carbon.

这是因为水本质上沐浴在被活捕获的高浓度污染物中。

To make activated charcoal, also known as activated carbon, you treat charcoal with heat and oxygen, or with certain acids and bases.

要制造活（也称为活）， 需要用热和氧或某些酸和碱处理木。

Most filters contain activated carbon to capture contaminants, which can be used in pitchers, refrigerator dispensers, faucet attachments or systems installed under the sink.

大多数过滤器都含有活来捕获污染物，可用于水罐、冰箱饮水机、水龙头附件或安装在水槽下的系统。

Activated carbon is good at removing many chemicals and metals but not all (it doesn't capture nitrate, for example), and it cannot filter out most bacteria.

活可以很好地去许多化学物质和金属，但不是全部（例如，它不能捕获硝酸盐），并且它不能过滤掉大多数细菌。

In a study published in 2020, Dr. Knappe and his co-authors found that, on average, pitcher and refrigerator filters that use activated carbon reduced PFAS levels by about 50 percent.

在 2020 年发表的一项研究中，Knappe 博士和他的合著者发现，使用活的水壶和冰箱过滤器平均可将 PFAS 含量降低约 50%。